El impacto de la prueba digital en el derecho penal internacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51247/pdlc.v7iEspecial1.993Palabras clave:
prueba digital; cooperación internacional; avances tecnológicos; ciberseguridad; marcos jurídicosResumen
La creciente incorporación de la prueba digital en el Derecho Penal Internacional ha transformado la actividad probatoria al proporcionar elementos objetivos, verificables y técnicamente sustentados para el esclarecimiento de hechos de relevancia penal. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar los avances, desafíos y perspectivas de la prueba digital en el contexto del Derecho Penal Internacional, considerando su impacto en la cooperación judicial y en la administración de justicia. Para ello, se desarrolló una investigación de revisión con enfoque cualitativo, basada en el análisis crítico e interpretativo de literatura científica reciente, instrumentos normativos internacionales y estudios especializados relacionados con la obtención, preservación, autenticidad y valoración de la evidencia digital. Los resultados evidenciaron que la prueba digital fortalece la eficacia de los procesos penales al incrementar la objetividad probatoria, facilitar la reconstrucción de los hechos y reducir las limitaciones asociadas a la prueba testimonial. Sin embargo, también se identificaron desafíos vinculados con la heterogeneidad normativa entre jurisdicciones, la rápida evolución tecnológica, la protección de la privacidad, la ciberseguridad, la preservación de la cadena de custodia digital y las dificultades para la cooperación judicial transnacional. Se concluye que el desarrollo de tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial y el aprendizaje automático incrementará las capacidades de identificación y análisis de la evidencia digital, aunque su incorporación exigirá marcos jurídicos dinámicos, estándares internacionales armonizados, mecanismos efectivos de cooperación y programas permanentes de capacitación especializada para garantizar el respeto al debido proceso y la protección de los derechos fundamentales
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Derechos de autor 2026 Smail Brahimi
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
