Estratégias de coping na terapia cognitivo-comportamental para perturbações por uso de substâncias: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51247/st.v2i1.15Palavras-chave:
Perturbação por uso de substâncias, Terapia cognitivo-comportamental, Coping, Prevenção de recaídas, AbstinênciaResumo
A terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) e a prevenção de recaídas (PR) têm demonstrado eficácia no tratamento das perturbações relacionadas com o consumo de substâncias (TUS); no entanto, o papel do coping como mecanismo terapêutico requer uma maior integração. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática (RS) foi analisar o papel do coping nas intervenções de TCC dirigidas à PR em indivíduos com TUS, examinando tanto os tipos de estratégias de coping utilizadas como a sua relação com os resultados clínicos. A RS foi conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA e registada no PROSPERO. Os ensaios clínicos randomizados foram identificados no Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, SciELO e Redalyc. O risco de viés foi avaliado através da ferramenta JBI. De 618 registos iniciais, 15 estudos cumpriram os critérios metodológicos. Os resultados indicam que as intervenções foram eficazes na redução do consumo de substâncias e no prolongamento da abstinência. As estratégias de coping ativo, coping focado no problema e reestruturação cognitiva estiveram associadas a melhores resultados clínicos, interagindo com a autoeficácia e a redução da sensibilidade à ansiedade. O treino personalizado otimiza a aquisição de competências, reduz os comportamentos de evitamento e promove a adesão e a sustentabilidade do tratamento, especialmente em populações com comorbilidades. Conclui-se que o coping deve ser considerado um objetivo terapêutico central nos programas, dado que o seu fortalecimento pode otimizar os resultados clínicos e facilitar tratamentos mais personalizados
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2019 Roberto Osés Aguilera, Elia Natividad Cabrera Álvarez, José Ignacio Cruz Moreira
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
