Validation of scale to measure motivation to use Python in Probability and Statistics in Higher Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51247/pdlc.v6i4.653Keywords:
Higher education, Academic Motivation Scale, Probability and Statistics, PythonAbstract
or related fields is essential for training citizens capable of making data-driven decisions. Furthermore, the use of Python allows students to directly apply theoretical concepts to real-world data. The research aimed to validate an instrument based on the Academic Motivation Scale to measure the types of motivation associated with the use of Python in learning probability and statistics among university students. The research was conducted using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional approach with an instrumental design. Expert judgment was used for content validation. Seventy-six students participated in the pilot test. Internal reliability was acceptable across all three dimensions: intrinsic motivation (α = 0.794), amotivation (α = 0.872), and extrinsic motivation (α = 0.683), although the overall alpha (α = 0.646) suggests room for improvement. The instrument demonstrated adequate psychometric properties: exploratory factor analysis identified three factors consistent with the theoretical model, explaining 74.74% of the total variance. Confirmatory analysis supported this structure with satisfactory fit indices (CFI = 0.955, TLI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.064). These findings support the instrument's use in university settings, especially in courses that integrate technological tools.
Downloads
References
Alonso, J. L. N., Martín-Albo Lucas, J., Navarro Izquierdo, J. G., & Grijalvo Lobera, F. (2006). Validación de la escala de motivación educativa (EME) en Paraguay. Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology. https://accedacris.ulpgc.es/handle/10553/42831
Ato, M., López, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3). https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005
Casanova-Valencia, S. A., Hurtado, J. R., & Ramírez, A. G. S. Implementación de la escala de motivación académica (EMA) en estudiantes universitarios de México. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379147721_IMPLEMENTACION_DE_LA_ESCALA_DE_MOTIVACION_ACADEMICA_EMA_EN_ESTUDIANTES_UNIVERSITARIOS_DE_MEXICO
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. Plenum. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_0
Doğuş, F., Özkan, Y., & Barın Özkan, S. (2024). The effect of python programming language teaching on 7th grade students’ programming self-efficacy skills. Education Mind, 3(2), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.58583/EM.3.2.5
Downey, A. (2015). Think Stats: Exploratory data analysis in Python (2nd ed.). O'Reilly Media.
Escobar-Pérez, J., & Cuervo-Martínez, Á. (2008). Validez de contenido y juicio de expertos: Una aproximación a su utilización. Avances en Medición, 6(1), 27-36.
Frassia, M. G. (2018). Enhanced statistical thinking in secondary school with python programming language: a realistic mathematics education approach. In INTED2018 Proceedings (pp. 3462-3471). IATED.
Garfield, J., & Ben-Zvi, D. (2008). Developing students’ statistical reasoning: Connecting research and teaching practice. Springer. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4020-8383-9#accessibility-information
Gómez, J. J., Mejía, G. M. L., Medina, V. A., Ramírez, A. A., & Arias, C. C. A. (2023). Lectura e interpretación de tablas y gráficos estadísticos en enseñanza media: oportunidades y desafíos. Revista Cubana de Educación Superior, 42(2). http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?pid=S0257-43142023000200023&script=sci_arttext&tlng=pt
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.
Haslwanter, T. (2016). An introduction to statistics with Python: With applications in the life sciences. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28316-6
James, G., Witten, D., Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., & Taylor, J. (2023). An introduction to statistical learning: With applications in Python. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38747-0
Kori, K., Pedaste, M., Leijen, Ä., & Tõnisson, E. (2016). The role of programming experience in ICT students' learning motivation and academic achievement. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6(5), 331. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2016.V6.709
Kotera, Y., Conway, E., & Green, P. (2021). Construction And factorial validation of a short version of the Academic Motivation Scale. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 51(2), 274-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2021.1903387
López, Alejandra (2008). Escala de motivación académica fundamento teórico y análisis psicométricos. XV Jornadas de Investigación y Cuarto Encuentro de Investigadores en Psicología del Mercosur. Facultad de Psicología - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires. ARK: https://n2t.net/ark:/13683/efue/6r5
Lloret-Segura, S., Ferreres-Traver, A., Hernández-Baeza, A., & Tomás-Marco, I. (2014). El análisis factorial exploratorio de los ítems: una guía práctica, revisada y actualizada. Anales de Psicología, 30(3), 1151–1169. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.30.3.199361
Montero, I., & León, O. G. (2002). Clasificación y descripción de las metodologías de investigación en psicología. Revista Internacional de Psicología Clínica y de La Salud, 2(3), 503-508. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33720308
Müller, A. C., & Guido, S. (2016). Introduction to machine learning with Python: A guide for data scientists. O'Reilly Media.
Namratha, M., Rekha, G. S., Akram, S., Kumar, S. S., & Nayak, J. S. (2018). Active learning approach for python programming. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 32(1), 15-19.
Núñez, J. L., Martín-Albo, J., Navarro, J. G., & Suárez, Z. (2010). Adaptación y validación de la versión española de la Escala de Motivación Educativa en estudiantes de educación secundaria postobligatoria. Studies in Psychology, 31(1), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1174/021093910790744590
Oláh, B., Münnich, Á., & Kósa, K. (2023). Identifying academic motivation profiles and their association with mental health in medical school. Medical Education Online, 28(1), 2242597. https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2023.2242597
Ozgur, C., Jha, S., & Shen, Y. (2018). Using statistics software packages for teaching purposes: R and Python. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344633744_Using_Statistics_Software_Packages_for_Teaching_Purposes_R_and_Python_Running_head_R_and_Python
Pavlenko, L. V., Pavlenko, M. P., Khomenko, V. H., & Mezhuyev, V. I. (2022). Application of R Programming Language in Learning Statistics. In Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Advances in Educational Technology (Vol. 2, pp. 62-72). https://doi.org/10.5220/0010928500003364
Riyantoko, P. A., Funabiki, N., Wai, K. H., Aung, S. T., Muhaimin, A., & Trimono. (2024). A proposal of Python programming exercise problems for basic statistics learning. 2024 Seventh International Conference on Vocational Education and Electrical Engineering (ICVEE), 289-295. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVEE63912.2024.10824036
Rodríguez-Rivas, J. G., Saucedo, R. A. S., Rodríguez, Z. M. A. & Pizarro, G. R. (2019). Motivación académica por el uso de la plataforma NetAcad en estudiantes de asignaturas de redes de computadoras en educación superior. Praxis Investigativa ReDIE: Revista Electrónica de La Red Durango de Investigadores Educativos, 11(21), 55-70.
Rodríguez-Rivas, J. G., & Rodríguez, C. S. (2022). Uso de Python para el análisis de datos aplicado en la investigación. Investigación Y Ciencia Aplicada a La Ingeniería, 5(34), 33–40. https://ojsincaing.com.mx/index.php/ediciones/article/view/188
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness. Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806
Serin, H. (2023). The Significance of Mathematical Literacy in Today’s Society. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 10(2), 396-402. https://ijsses.tiu.edu.iq/index.php/ijsses/article/view/113
Urrutia Egaña, M., Barrios Araya, S., Gutiérrez Núñez, M., & Mayorga Camus, M. (2015). Métodos óptimos para determinar validez de contenido. Revista Cubana de Educación Médica Superior, 28(3), 547-558.
Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., Blais, M. R., Brière, N. M., Senécal, C., & Vallières, E. F. (1992). The Academic Motivation Scale: A measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52(4), 1003–1017. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164492052004025
VanderPlas, J. (2016). Python data science handbook: Essential tools for working with data. O'Reilly Media.
Zhang, X., Li, W., & Wang, G. (2023). Construction and Application of the Project-based Teaching System of Statistical Experiment Course using Python Language. 5th International Conference on Computer Science and Technologies in Education (CSTE). pp. 15-19. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSTE59648.2023.00010
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jose Gabriel Rodriguez-Rivas, Ruben Pizarro, Jeorgina

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.








