O impacto da prova digital no direito penal internacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51247/pdlc.v7iEspecial1.993Palavras-chave:
evidência digital; cooperação internacional; avanços tecnológicos; cibersegurança; marcos legaisResumo
A crescente incorporação da prova digital no direito penal internacional transformou a atividade probatória, fornecendo elementos objetivos, verificáveis e tecnicamente sólidos para esclarecer factos de relevância penal. Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os avanços, os desafios e as perspetivas da prova digital no contexto do direito penal internacional, considerando o seu impacto na cooperação judiciária e na administração da justiça. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de revisão qualitativa, baseado na análise crítica e interpretativa da literatura científica recente, de instrumentos normativos internacionais e de estudos especializados relacionados com a obtenção, preservação, autenticidade e avaliação de provas digitais. Os resultados mostraram que as provas digitais fortalecem a eficácia dos processos penais, aumentando a objetividade probatória, facilitando a reconstrução de eventos e reduzindo as limitações associadas à prova testemunhal. Contudo, também foram identificados desafios relacionados com a heterogeneidade regulatória entre jurisdições, a rápida evolução tecnológica, a proteção da privacidade, a cibersegurança, a preservação da cadeia de custódia digital e as dificuldades na cooperação judiciária transnacional. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de tecnologias como a inteligência artificial e a aprendizagem automática aumentará a capacidade de identificação e análise de provas digitais, embora a sua incorporação exija enquadramentos jurídicos dinâmicos, normas internacionais harmonizadas, mecanismos de cooperação eficazes e programas de formação especializada contínua para garantir o respeito pelo devido processo legal e a proteção dos direitos fundamentais
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2026 Smail Brahimi
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
