Research methodology applied to social sciences: approaches, types, methods and designs

Abstract

The purpose of the study goes beyond characterizing the different approaches and methods useful for the development of research concerning the area of ​​social sciences by carrying out a bibliographic review that explains the characteristics and applications of the methods selected for this study. The methodological strategy used to achieve the objectives was characterized by its qualitative approach, in line with a constructivist paradigm and a documentary typology. These characteristics facilitated the collection of the necessary elements to establish a logical order in the development of the methodology of various investigations, both quantitative and qualitative. The main finding of the research indicates that the logical order in the development of the methodological section begins with the definition of the approach, followed by the determination of the paradigm, type, level, design and methods for data collection. In addition, when addressing the obtaining and interpretation of data, it is recommended that the techniques and instruments be adapted to the selected approach. It should be noted that the novelty of the study lies in the classification of the methodological elements according to the chosen approach.